IGCSE Biology - 2d Movement of substances into and out of cells
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New Edexcel IGCSE 9-1 4BIO1 syllabus for 2017 Section 2d Movement of substances into and out of cells
2.15 Understand the processes of diffusion, osmosis and active transport by which substances move into and out of cells. 2.16 Understand how factors affect the rate of movement of substances into and out of cells, including the effects of surface area to volume ratio, distance, temperature and concentration gradient. 2.17 Practical: investigate diffusion and osmosis using living and non-living systems.
New for IGCSE 4BIO1 - More practical pages, updated design, concept checker and exam style question for each topic.
New Edexcel IGCSE 9-1 4BIO1 syllabus for 2017 Section 1b Variety of Living Things
1.2 Describe the common features shown by eukaryotic organisms: plants, animals, fungi and protoctists.
1.3 Describe the common features shown by prokaryotic organisms such as bacteria.
1.4 Understand the term pathogen and know that pathogens may include fungi, bacteria, protoctists or viruses. New for IGCSE 4BIO1 - More practical pages, updated design, concept checker and exam style question for each topic.
New Edexcel IGCSE 9-1 4BIO1 syllabus for 2017 Section 2c Biological molecules 2.7 Identify the chemical elements present in carbohydrates, proteins and lipids (fats and oils). 2.8 Describe the structure of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids as large molecules made up from smaller basic units: starch and glycogen from simple sugars, protein from amino acids, and lipid from fatty acids and glycerol. 2.9 Practical: investigate food samples for the presence of glucose, starch, protein and fat. 2.10 Understand the role of enzymes as biological catalysts in metabolic reactions. 2.11 Understand how temperature changes can affect enzyme function, including changes to the shape of active site. 2.12 Practical: investigate how enzyme activity can be affected by changes in temperature. 2.13 Understand how enzyme function can be affected by changes in pH altering the active site. 2.14B Practical: investigate how enzyme activity can be affected by changes in pH. (In orange) New for IGCSE 4BIO1 - More practical pages, updated design, concept checker and exam style question for each topic.
New Edexcel IGCSE 9-1 4BIO1 syllabus for 2017 Section 2h - Transport - Humans
2.59 Describe the composition of the blood: red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma. 2.60 Understand the role of plasma in the transport of carbon dioxide, digested food, urea, hormones and heat energy. 2.61 Understand how adaptations of red blood cells make them suitable for the transport of oxygen, including shape, the absence of a nucleus and the presence of haemoglobin. 2.62 Understand how the immune system responds to disease using white blood cells, illustrated by phagocytes ingesting pathogens and lymphocytes releasing antibodies specific to the pathogen. 2.63B Understand how vaccination results in the manufacture of memory cells, which enable future antibody production to the pathogen to occur sooner, faster and in greater quantity. 2.64B Understand how platelets are involved in blood clotting, which prevents blood loss and the entry of micro-organisms. 2.65 Describe the structure of the heart and how it functions. 2.66 Explain how the heart rate changes during exercise and under the influence of adrenaline. 2.67 Understand how factors may increase the risk of developing coronary heart disease. 2.68 Understand how the structure of arteries, veins and capillaries relate to their function. 2.69 Understand the general structure of the circulation system, including the blood vessels to and from the heart and lungs, liver and kidneys. New for IGCSE 4BIO1 - More practical pages, updated design, concept checker and exam style question for each topic.
